Pilonidal sinus and fistula are two different conditions that can affect the skin around the anus. Pilonidal sinus is a small, hair-filled pocket that forms in the skin, while fistula is an abnormal passage that connects two different areas of the body.
In some cases, pilonidal sinus can lead to fistula. This is because the hair that gets trapped in the pilonidal sinus can cause inflammation and infection. This inflammation can damage the skin and create a pathway for bacteria to travel from the pilonidal sinus to other parts of the body.
When bacteria travel from the pilonidal sinus to the anal canal, they can cause an abscess to form. An abscess is a collection of pus that can be painful and swollen. If the abscess is not treated, it can rupture and drain, which can lead to the formation of a fistula.
Fistulas can be either simple or complex. Simple fistulas are straight and have a single opening. Complex fistulas are more complicated and can have multiple openings or branches.
Fistulas can be difficult to treat. Treatment options include surgery, antibiotics, and drainage. Surgery is the most effective treatment for fistulas, but it can be a complex procedure.
If you have a pilonidal sinus, it is important to see a doctor to get a diagnosis and treatment. Treatment for pilonidal sinus can help to prevent it from developing into a fistula.
Symptoms of Pilonidal Sinus and Fistula
The symptoms of pilonidal sinus and fistula can be similar. Some of the most common symptoms include:
- Pain or tenderness in the area around the anus
- Irritation or redness of the skin around the anus
- Drainage from the area around the anus
- A small, raised bump on the skin around the anus
If you have any of these symptoms, it is important to see a doctor to get a diagnosis.
Treatment for Pilonidal Sinus and Fistula
The treatment for pilonidal sinus and fistula will depend on the severity of the condition. In some cases, simple pilonidal sinuses can be treated with antibiotics or drainage. However, more severe cases may require surgery.
Surgery is the most effective treatment for fistulas. There are a number of different surgical procedures that can be used to treat fistulas. The type of surgery that is best for you will depend on the severity of your condition and your overall health.
Complications of Pilonidal Sinus and Fistula
If pilonidal sinus or fistula is not treated, it can lead to a number of complications. Some of the most common complications include:
- Abscess
- Infection
- Bleeding
- Pain
- Irritation
- Redness
- Swelling
In some cases, pilonidal sinus or fistula can lead to more serious complications, such as:
- Chronic pain
- Disability
- Incontinence
- Skin cancer
Prevention of Pilonidal Sinus and Fistula
There is no sure way to prevent pilonidal sinus or fistula. However, there are a number of things you can do to reduce your risk of developing these conditions. Some of the best ways to prevent pilonidal sinus and fistula include:
- Keeping the area around your anus clean and dry
- Avoiding sitting for long periods of time
- Losing weight if you are overweight or obese
- Avoiding tight clothing
- Not shaving the area around your anus
If you have any questions or concerns about pilonidal sinus or fistula, please talk to your doctor.